When people hear the term “federal crime,” they often assume it involves large-scale conspiracies or international offenses. While those cases exist, many federal charges come from everyday situations involving business, finance, or controlled substances. As Chicago federal defense attorneys, we defend clients accused of serious federal offenses in the Northern District of Illinois and surrounding areas. Federal cases carry severe penalties and are prosecuted by well-resourced U.S. Attorneys. The consequences of a conviction can impact your life permanently, including prison time, asset forfeiture, and a felony record.
Federal crimes are different from state crimes because they involve violations of U.S. law, cross state lines, or target federal interests. While we also handle state cases under the Illinois Compiled Statutes, many of our clients face charges under federal laws such as the United States Code (U.S.C.). Still, Illinois law can overlap in cases involving firearms, drugs, or fraud. That’s why we look at both sets of laws to develop a strong defense.
Types Of Federal Crimes We Routinely Defend
Drug Conspiracy Charges
Drug crimes prosecuted in federal court usually involve distribution, trafficking, or conspiracy. These cases often include large quantities, multiple defendants, and agencies like the DEA or FBI. Federal penalties are generally stricter than those under Illinois law. For example, under 21 U.S.C. § 841, drug distribution charges can lead to mandatory minimum prison sentences. In Illinois, similar offenses fall under 720 ILCS 570/401.
Wire Fraud And Mail Fraud
These charges involve schemes to defraud others using electronic communication or the U.S. mail. We’ve seen these cases involve insurance fraud, business scams, or unemployment benefit claims. Wire fraud is charged under 18 U.S.C. § 1343 and carries up to 20 years in federal prison. Illinois law also prohibits similar conduct under 720 ILCS 5/17-24.
Firearms Offenses
Possessing a firearm as a convicted felon, using a weapon in a drug crime, or transporting guns across state lines can lead to federal charges. These are often filed under 18 U.S.C. § 922 or § 924. In Illinois, related charges appear under 720 ILCS 5/24-1. Federal firearm cases can result in long sentences, especially if the gun was used during another crime.
White Collar Crimes
We also defend clients accused of embezzlement, identity theft, tax fraud, and bribery. These crimes often begin with a federal investigation and include long periods of surveillance, document review, and subpoenas. Convictions can include restitution, fines, and lengthy prison terms. Illinois criminal fraud laws also apply in some cases, such as 720 ILCS 5/17-1 for general deception.
Child Pornography And Internet Crimes
Federal prosecutors aggressively pursue cases involving illegal images, online enticement, or exploitation. These charges fall under 18 U.S.C. § 2252 and § 2251. These cases can lead to mandatory minimums and registry as a sex offender. Illinois law contains similar provisions under 720 ILCS 5/11-20.1.
When you’re facing a federal charge, the stakes are high. The law is complex, and the government will build its case with time, money, and federal agents. That’s why early legal defense is so important.
Federal Crime Frequently Asked Questions
What Makes A Crime Federal Instead Of State?
A crime becomes federal when it violates U.S. law, involves federal property, crosses state lines, or is investigated by a federal agency. Some crimes can be charged at either the state or federal level, depending on the facts of the case.
Can I Be Charged In Both State And Federal Court?
Yes. This is called dual sovereignty. Both state and federal governments can prosecute you for the same act under their own laws. While this isn’t common in most cases, it does happen, especially in drug and firearm cases.
Are Federal Sentences More Severe Than State Sentences?
In many cases, yes. Federal sentencing guidelines are strict, and many federal crimes carry mandatory minimum prison terms. Judges often have less discretion than in Illinois state courts.
How Do Federal Investigations Start?
Federal investigations may start with tips, surveillance, or financial audits. Agencies like the FBI, DEA, IRS, or ATF are usually involved. These investigations can last months or years before charges are filed.
What Should I Do If I’m Contacted By A Federal Agent?
You should not speak with federal agents without a lawyer present. Anything you say can and will be used against you. Politely decline to answer questions and contact a criminal defense attorney right away.
What Is A Grand Jury Indictment?
An indictment is a formal charge issued by a grand jury after reviewing evidence presented by federal prosecutors. It means the government believes there is enough evidence to proceed with a criminal case.
Can I Get Bail In A Federal Case?
Possibly. Bail is based on whether you are considered a flight risk or a danger to the community. The federal system uses a separate process from state courts, and not all defendants are granted release.
Do I Have To Go To Prison If Convicted Of A Federal Crime?
Not always, but many federal crimes carry mandatory sentences. Some cases allow for probation, supervised release, or alternative sentencing. The outcome depends on the charge, your criminal history, and the facts.
What Are Federal Sentencing Guidelines?
These guidelines provide a recommended range of punishment based on the offense and your background. Judges are not strictly bound by them but must consider them when imposing a sentence.
Can A Criminal Defense Lawyer Help Before I’m Charged?
Yes. If you are under investigation, hiring a defense lawyer early in your case can protect your rights, guide you through the process, and sometimes prevent charges from being filed.
Call A Legal Team That Knows How To Fight Federal Charges
If you’re being investigated or already charged with a federal crime, you need legal protection now. At Edward Johnson & Associates, we defend individuals in federal court and understand how to build strong, clear strategies based on Illinois and federal law.
Contact our Chicago federal defense lawyer at Edward Johnson & Associates P.C. to receive a free consultation by calling 708-762-8666. Our office is located in Chicago, Illinois, and we represent clients across the entire Chicagoland metro area.